Benelli M3 Super 90
Benelli Armi SpA · Shotgun · In Production · 1989
Also known as: M3 Super 90, M3A1, M3T, Benelli M3 Convertible
Overview
The Benelli M3 Super 90 is a unique dual-mode combat shotgun designed and manufactured by Italian firearms maker Benelli Armi SpA. Introduced in 1989, the M3 is the third model in the legendary Super 90 line and stands out for its ability to operate in both semi-automatic and pump-action modes. This convertible design allows users to rapidly switch between firing modes by simply manipulating a fore-end-mounted locking ring - no tools required. In semi-automatic mode, the M3 uses Benelli's proprietary inertia-driven system with a rotating bolt head, which cycles reliably with standard-power ammunition while absorbing recoil. When pump-action mode is engaged, the weapon can fire lower-powered specialty rounds such as less-lethal ammunition that lack sufficient recoil energy to cycle the semi-automatic action. The M3A1 variant was selected by the Australian Defence Force under LAND 159 Tranche 1 to replace the Remington 870 as their new standard combat shotgun, featuring a red dot sight and white light illuminator. Chambered in 12 gauge with a 3-inch chamber, the M3 features a chrome-lined steel barrel, anodized aluminum receiver, ghost ring sights, and tubular magazine holding 5-7 rounds depending on the variant and jurisdiction. The weapon's versatility, reliability, and dual-mode operation have made it a popular choice among military special forces and law enforcement units worldwide.
Specifications
| Weight (empty) | 3260 g (115.0 oz) |
| Overall Length | 1041 mm (40.98") |
| Barrel Length | 502 mm (19.76") |
| Action Type | Inertia Operated |
| Firing Mechanism | Hammer Fired |
| Trigger Type | Single Stage |
| Trigger Pull | 26 N (5.8 lbf) |
| Magazine Capacity | 7 rounds |
| Magazine Type | Tubular |
| Effective Range | 40 m (44 yd) |
| Maximum Range | 100 m (109 yd) |
| Barrel Rifling | Smoothbore |
| Number of Grooves | 6 |
| Frame Material | Aluminum |
| Barrel Material | Steel |
| Stock Material | Polymer |
| Finish | Anodized |
Calibers
- 12 Gauge · primary — also known as 12 ga, 12-bore
Features
- Firing modes: Semi Automatic
- Feed systems: Tubular Magazine
- Safety mechanisms: Crossbolt Safety, Half Cock Notch
- Features: Dual Mode Operation, Convertible Pump Semi Auto, Rotating Bolt, Ghost Ring Sights, Inertia Driven System, Chrome Lined Barrel, Telescopic Stock Option, Pistol Grip Option, Sling Mounts
Variants
- Benelli M3 Tactical — Tactical
- Benelli M3A1 — Military
- Benelli M3 Convertible — Standard
- Benelli M3 Compact — Compact
Service history
Operators
- Australian Defence Force · adopted 2022 · as M3A1
- Italian Armed Forces · as M3A1
- French GIGN · as M3A1
- Estonian Defence Forces
- Czech Armed Forces · as M3T
- Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force · as M3T
- Canadian Joint Task Force 2
- New Zealand Army · adopted 2006 · as M3 (NZ)
- Irish Defence Forces
- Royal Malaysia Police PGK
- Indonesian Kopassus · as M3T
- Philippine Armed Forces
- UK Metropolitan Police Specialist Firearms Command
- Luxembourg Police
Conflicts
- War in Afghanistan (2001-2021)
- Iraq War (2003-2011)
Production
Production years: 1989-present
Produced continuously since 1989. Adopted by military and law enforcement in over 20 countries. Recently selected by the Australian Defence Force under LAND 159.
Origin
Country of origin: Italy
Designer: Bruno Civolani
Notes
The M3's dual-mode capability is its defining feature, making it one of the most versatile combat shotguns ever produced. The inertia-driven system uses fewer moving parts than gas-operated designs, resulting in a lighter, more reliable weapon that requires less maintenance. Military and law enforcement variants (M3A1, M3T) typically feature 7-round capacity, while civilian models are restricted to 5 rounds. The weapon can accept various stock configurations including fixed synthetic, telescopic, pistol grip, and folding stocks. Some users report the M3 works better in pump-action mode with lighter target loads, while full-power buckshot and slugs cycle reliably in semi-automatic mode. The smoothbore barrel limits slug accuracy compared to rifled shotguns but is adequate for typical combat shotgun engagement distances of 25-50 meters.
Background
The Benelli M3's unique dual-mode operation lets users switch between semi-automatic and pump-action with a simple twist of a fore-end ring, making it one of the most versatile combat shotguns ever created. The pump mode allows firing low-powered specialty rounds like bean-bag rounds that lack the recoil energy to cycle the semi-auto action.