John Armstrong Longrifle

John Armstrong · Rifle · Discontinued · 1793

Also known as: Armstrong Rifle, Emmitsburg School Longrifle, John Armstrong Kentucky Rifle

Overview

The John Armstrong Longrifle is a flintlock muzzleloading rifle handcrafted by master gunsmith John Armstrong of Emmitsburg, Maryland, one of the foremost artisans of the American longrifle's Golden Age. Firing a patched .45 caliber round ball, it is distinguished by its long, slender curly maple stock, ornate silver and brass inlays, relief carving, and a large decorated patch box. Armstrong forged his own barrels and hand-built his own locks to a standard far above the mass-produced hardware of the era, and mounted a double set trigger for precise offhand shooting.

Specifications

Weight (empty)4200 g (148.2 oz)
Overall Length1473 mm (57.99")
Barrel Length1067 mm (42.01")
Action TypeMuzzleloader
Firing MechanismFlintlock
Trigger TypeSet Trigger
Muzzle Velocity427 m/s (1401 fps)
Muzzle Energy793 J (585 ft·lbf)
Effective Range137 m (150 yd)
Maximum Range300 m (328 yd)
Rate of Fire2 rpm
Barrel RiflingRight Hand
Number of Grooves7
Barrel MaterialIron
Stock MaterialMaple
FinishBrowned

Calibers

Features

Service history

Operators

Production

Estimated total produced: 400 · Production years: 1793-1841

Approximate lifetime output of a single master gunsmith; fewer than 30 examples are known to survive today.

Origin

Country of origin: United States

Designer: John Armstrong

Discontinued: 1841

Notes

Fewer than about 30 authenticated Armstrong rifles are known to survive; surviving examples command auction prices from roughly $30,000 to $125,000. Armstrong is believed to have made only around 400 rifles over his career, each taking weeks to complete.

Background

John Armstrong (1772-1841) learned his trade from gunsmith George Schroyer of Hanover, Pennsylvania, before settling in Emmitsburg, Maryland around 1793. Renowned for beautiful curly maple stocks, artistic relief carving, and fine inlays, he is regarded as one of the greatest artisans of the American longrifle, and his rifles are prized centerpieces of Kentucky rifle collections.